Which act prohibits racial discrimination in property transactions?

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 is the correct answer because it was the first federal law that explicitly prohibits any form of racial discrimination in property transactions. This Act states that all U.S. citizens, regardless of race, have the same rights regarding property ownership and the enjoyment of privileges and immunities. It is significant because it aimed to ensure that all individuals, particularly formerly enslaved people, have equal opportunity in real estate transactions.

While the Fair Housing Act also addresses racial discrimination, it was enacted later, in 1968, and primarily focuses on preventing discrimination based on a broader set of characteristics, including race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, and handicap. The Americans with Disabilities Act pertains specifically to disability rights and access, which is unrelated to racial discrimination in property transactions. The Equal Opportunity Act can refer to various legislations or policies promoting equal opportunities but does not specifically address racial discrimination in property transactions like the Civil Rights Act of 1866 does.